Conceptual Physics

Traditionally, physics has been considered theunderstand the mathematics in a meaningful way.
most difficult science, which should only beThis is true even for smart, mathematically
attempted by mature students with a stronginclined people, and it is at least part of the reason
mathematical background. There is some truth tothat so many people learn so little in high school
this- being comfortable with advanced math canphysics classes. In essence, the goal of physics
certainly open up some areas of physics andfirst education is to help all students achieve a
there are topics in a solid, college-preparatorysolid qualitative understanding of the physical
physics class that require some pretty seriousworld. Interested students can then refine that
number-crunching. However, there is another sidepre-existing qualitative knowledge into a
to this story and a growing feeling amongquantitative understanding in a later, more
educators (myself included) that even elementaryadvanced class.
school students can and should study physics.The philosophy behind physics first doesn't have
One of the strongest arguments for introducingto be restricted to educating high school
physics at a young age is that it is the mostfreshmen. It can effectively be applied to much
"basic" of the sciences. In other words, it's reallyyounger children as well. For example, I teach
not possible to have a good understanding ofscience to a group of nine and ten year old
photosynthesis if you don't know anything abouthomeschoolers, and we have done quite a bit of
light. Learning about light is, of course, a branch ofphysics, with very little math beyond basic
physics.arithmetic. For example, last year we explored
There's currently a "physics first" movement thatlevers and turning effect. This year we will be
is trying to upend the traditional order of highlooking into pulleys and simple circuits. I don't shy
school science classes so that the sequenceaway from using age-appropriate math, including
becomes physics in freshman year, thensimple formulas, but neither do I emphasize
chemistry, and finally biology. In this model,formulas over a verbal understanding of events.
physics is taught as a more conceptual and lessThese kids are hardly advanced physics students,
calculation-based subject because youngerbut they have achieved significant understanding
students do not have the mathematicalwhile retaining a strong interest in learning more.
knowledge of older ones.Critics of a conceptual approach to physics
Physics first could be the best thing that evereducation worry that it is merely a way to lower
happened to physics education, if it is donestandards. I share their desire for the highest
correctly. Beyond the obvious perk forstandards possible, and I acknowledge that a
physics-enthusiasts everywhere that physicspoorly executed conceptual physics program could
would studied by far more people than everlack rigor. As always, details matter. A good
before, it could potentially be taught much moreconceptual physics program should involve
effectively. One of the flaws in traditional physicshands-on (and "brain-on") experiments, extensive
education is that it assumes that students willwriting, and some math. It should not be easy. On
learn the concepts that the mathematics illustratethe other hand, it shouldn't leave conscientious,
by applying the math to problems. Unfortunately,hard working students feeling like they are
this doesn't work well most of the time. Moststudying an impossible subject- and traditional
people need to approach physics from aphysics education leaves far too many students
conceptual point of view before they canwith that feeling.