How to Do Well in the HSC Sciences

Doing well in HSC sciences requires a slightlythere is no way you can predict what specific
different approach than HSC maths or Englishquestions will be asked of you. You will only know
subjects. HSC sciences, like Chemistry, Physicsthat everything tested will be in the syllabus, but
and Biology, place a heavy focus on the syllabus.the specific wording of your questions can catch
Detailed knowledge and familiarisation of theyou offguard.
syllabus is very important.If you rely on memorisation of the course
TIP 1: Know the syllabuscontent, you are inflexible. A question that is
Knowing the syllabus very important. Firstly, allslightly unorthodox in approach or worded in an
HSC science exams can only test you on contentunfamiliar way will catch you offguard, and you will
within the syllabus. Most of the time, HSC examrun the risk of losing easy marks. However, if you
questions will simply be a syllabus dot-point thatgenuinely understand the concepts involved, you
has been reworded.can always derive the answer in the spot, even if
For example, an actual HSC Chemistry syllabusthe question is worded in an unfamiliar way, or
dot-point is "Describe hydrogen bonding betweenrequires unorthodox thinking. This way, you are a
molecules". A corresponding exam question canflexible student, and no matter how the exam is
ask something simple like "Describe hydrogenset, you will get a high mark reflecting your good
bonding between water molecules". Alternatively,ability.
exam questions can be slightly more complicated,There are certain situations where memorisation
for example:  "Identify a compound that exhibitsis appropriate. Generally, these are:
strong hydrogen bonding and descbribe how1. Remembering topics for the long essay-type
hydrogen bonding affects its melting and boilingquestions. E.g. in HSC Physics, it is a good idea to
temperatures". However in both cases, thecome up with a list of points regarding the pros
question can be reduced to simply describing yourand cons of AC versus DC. A common exam
knowledge of how hydrogen bonding works asquestion may be "Discuss" or "Compare and
between molecules, and how this phenomenonevaluate" or "Assess the impact on society of the
affects some of the chemical's physicaldevelopment of AC electricity". To tackle these
propertie(s).quesitons, it is a good idea to try to memorise a
If you have an excellent understanding of theshort list of words or phrases which remind you
syllabus and have covered in detail each dot-point,of a general topic to argue, in favour of either
you will know enough to get a Band 6. Weside (AC vs DC).
emphasise the fact that exams can only test you2. Some facts have no pattern, so it is useful to
on what is in the syllabus. If you ever don'tmemorise them. HSC Chemistry is a good
understand a concept because it has been poorlyexample of this. Good students memorise all of
explained to you at school, or the concept is verythe composite ions, their molecular formulae and
difficult, ask your teacher whether it is in thetheir valencies through gaining experience in the
syllabus. If it is not, understand that it will not becourse. Another example would be memorising
examined, so don't worry too much about notcertain definitional bodies of knowledge, like
fully understanding that concept. However, if aNewton's laws.
concept is within the syllabus, or required by one3. Memorise the simple equations. This is highly
of the dot-points as background information, youimportant, and will save you much time and grief
should know it well.during an exam. Although a formula sheet is
TIP 2: Know what's important for practicals /provided to you for HSC sciences, it is a good
experimentsidea to memorise the simple equations or
HSC Sciences' syllabi contains many dot-pointsformulae, as always flicking towards the back of
requiring students to "conduct a first-handyour exam paper wastes valuable seconds each
investigation", or "gather data from a first-handtime. Also by memorising the simple equations,
investigation". These dot-points are responsible foryou are less likely to make calculation errors than
the regular experiments you conduct at school. Itblindly copying out the formulae from the data
is very important that you do not neglect thesheet everytime.
information presented to you during one of thoseBut always strive to understand the underlying
experiment classes at school. Many students thinkconcept, as it will benefit you in the long run.
of experiments as fun (and they are), but theyTIP 4: Make good use of the resources available
ignore the fact that each experiment deals withto you
at least one dot-point in the syllabus, sometimesWhat we mean by this is, for example:
several at once.1. Whenever you have a question, ask your
The things you need to know in ALL experimentsteacher!
are:2. Whenever you don't understand a concept fully
1. The scientific principle being tested / used (forand completely, ask your teacher until you
example, an experiment to demonstrate Newton'sunderstand!
second law requires you to firstly understand the3. Work with other bright students who are keen
formula F=ma and how to use it in calculations).on doing well in the HSC. Share notes with them.
2. The correct procedure. A very importantMost teachers will answer any question a student
example is in titrations, where washing proceduresasks them, as they will be happy to know that
will sometimes be tested in exam questions (E.g.their students are so dedicated to doing well.
"Explain what is a primary standard", or "ExplainAfter all, the satisfaction of seeing their students
the need to finally rinse a pipette with the solutionsucceed is one of the main reasons why teachers
it is to contain, before using it")choose this profession! However not every
3. Safety issues / appropriate precautions. Forstudent has access to teachers that are willing
example, when doing a flame test, never burnand happy to answer many questions or explain
lead compounds. Or when burning magnesium, useconcepts at length. In this case, there may be
tongs and don't stare into the flame.  (Otherother resources available to you. For example,
examples include: know which metals / chemicalsfind good tutoring and ask the teachers there!
are toxic, when goggles and gloves are required,Another thing to keep in mind is making your own
how to deal with fires / flames etc)syllabus dot-point summaries. Synthesise and
4. Sources of error: this last one is importantgather all your knowledge, summarise it and write
because many HSC exam questions may ask youit onto paper. It is a good idea to submit your
to talk about the sources of errors innotes for review by your class teacher (or
experiments you should have done at school. Forafter-school tutor) to make sure your knowledge
example, "Identify three sources of error in thisof the course is comprehensive. Going this far
experiment, and suggest ways to minimise theirmay seen daunting, but remember that high
effect on your results."marks can only come with hard work.
The important thing to remember here is to payConclusion
attention in school during experiment classes, andOur top 3 tips for succeeding in HSC sciences are:
not to ignore these dot-points during your study1. Know the syllabus like the back of your hand!
and revision.2. Know what to study for when it comes to the
TIP 3: Understand the conceptsexperiment dot-points.
We do not recommend trying to memorise too3. Make sure you understand the concepts
many things. HSC sciences cannot be masteredinvolved in your subject. Do not rely on
through memorisation, and all of the top studentsmemorisation, unless it's the only way.
who achieve a HSC mark of >95 genuinelyFollowing this general advice will improve most
understand the concepts in their subject.students' approach to HSC sciences, as these are
Understanding the concept is very important tothe main shortcomings of most HSC science
succeeding in HSC sciences. Before an exam,students of today.