Teaching Kids about Energy

Your son or daughter comes home from schoolconsidered mechanical energy.
with questions about energy. How do you beginWhen teaching kids about energy it’s
to explain such a vast concept? Teaching kidsimportant to relay that besides the motion of
about energy starts with conveying that thereobjects, other types of kinetic energy include
are many forms of energy around us and evenradiant energy, or light; radiant heat energy;
inside us. Life as we know it would not existacoustic energy, or sound; and electrical energy,
without energy. Energy is so important that allor electricity through wires. Other types of
food packages list Calories, an old energy unit.potential energy include electrical energy stored in
Energy is either stored or involved with motion.a battery, chemical energy, nuclear energy,
The property of an object or a system (amagnetic energy, and solar energy; all stored
group of objects) which enables it to doenergy in atoms or molecules. Elastic energy is
work is called energy. You need energy to dopotential energy within a fluid or solid that can be
work, or to apply a force across a distance,converted into mechanical energy.
meaning to move something. If energy doesCan there ever be a perpetual motion machine?
involve moving an object, it is called kineticThat is, a machine that never stops moving and
energy. A ball rolling downhill has kinetic energy.constantly creates its own energy as it works?
Energy can also come from the position of anMost machines noticeably heat up as they
object or its arrangement. This type of energy isoperate. This heat is from friction. The energy
called potential energy, or stored energy. A ballthat goes into a machine is always greater than
that is stationary, on the slope of a hill, before itthe amount of work it produces, because some
begins to roll down, has what is known asof the initial energy changes into friction. Because
gravitational potential energy. As the ball rollsfriction is never completely eliminated, the energy
downhill, the potential energy it had is changed intogoing into a machine is always going to be larger
kinetic energy. That is an example of the law ofthan the machines output. A machine can never
energy conservation; energy cannot be createdrun indefinitely, so a perpetual motion machine
or destroyed, it changes form from one type tocannot exist.
another.When teaching kids about energy you can explain
 Since energy does change from one form tothe different types of energy. Energy is either
another, sometimes it is difficult to determinekinetic, involving motion, or potential, stored.
whether energy is potential or kinetic. SomeEnergy changes form from one to another,
energy is potential energy and kinetic energyleading to the law of energy conservation. Energy
simultaneously, such as thermal energy, or heat.cannot be created or destroyed, it transforms
Even a moving object can have both potentialfrom one type to another type. A perpetual
energy and kinetic energy at the same time. Asmotion machine cannot exist, since such a device
the ball rolls downhill, its potential energy iswould counteract the law of energy conservation.
changed into kinetic energy. As it rolls, at anyEnergy is a fascinating and vast subject but by
specific time, the total amount of energy that theremembering these energy basics teaching kids
ball has does not change; the law of energyabout energy can be simple and fun.
conservation holds. This type of energy is